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Introduction 1

Zheng He(Cheng Ho),Prince Henry and Christopher Co-lumbus—Three of the Greatest Navigator-Explorers 1

Who Was the Driving Force Behind the Explorations? 6

Were the Ancient Chinese Not a Sea-going People? 9

Biography of Zheng He 13

Chapter One Mankind's"Great Navigation Period"—Pioneers Exploring the Unknown World 16

Section 1 Opening new sea routes across the Indian Ocean 17

Section 2 Linking three oceans 23

Chapter Two Imposing Treasure Ships 26

Section 1 Surge of shipbuilding during the Ming Dynasty 26

Types of ships 26

Treasure ships 29

Section 2 The mighty armada of treasure ships 33

Zheng He's treasure ships—a wonder on the seas 33

Zheng He's fleet"braving high waves like a swimming dragon" 37

Chapter Three Application and Improvement of Nautical Technology 44

Section 1 Advanced seamanship 44

Positioning of ships 45

Correction of wind pressure and current pressure errors 48

Celestial observation 49

Section 2 One of the world's earliest navigation charts—"Zheng He's Navigation Chart" 52

The navigation routes opened by Zheng He on his expe-ditions to the Western Ocean 54

The practical value of"Zheng He's Navigation Chart" 60

The academic value of"Zheng He's Navigation Chart" 63

Chapter Four Trade and Diplomacy During Zheng He's Voy-ages to the Western Oceans 66

Section 1 Trading routes connecting Asia and Africa 66

Boosting Asia-Africa trade 66

Maritime trade offices,and import and export goods 76

Section 2 Diplomacy on a grand scale 80

Visits to Asian and African countries 81

New growth of friendship with foreign countries 83

Steady flow of goodwill envoys to China 87

Friendly relations with countries in Southeast Asia 88

Chapter Five The Impact of Zheng He's Voyages to the West-ern Oceans 92

Section 1 Cultural exchanges 92

"The history of Tanganyika is written in Chinese porce-lain" 92

Spreading the technique of blue-and-white porcelain 95

Navigation records and geographical works 97

Introduction of new glass-making techniques 100

Section 2 Religious activities 101

Appendix:Major Events During Zheng He's Lifetime 107