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Ⅰ．INTRODUCTION 1

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 1

THE NEED FOR RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL FINANCE IN CHINA 1

SOURCES OF DATA 6

PROCEDURE 7

Ⅱ．THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM OF CHINA 9

A BRIEF RETROSPECT 9

THE PRESENT ADMINISTRATIVE SET-UP FOE THE PROGRAM 10

THE PRESENT ORGANIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM OF CHINA 16

THE GROWTH OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM 21

THE EXTENT OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES 26

Ⅲ．THE COST OF THE EDUCATIONAL PRO-GRAM 31

THE CURRENT COST OF THE SCHOOLS AND INSTITU-TIONS 31

TRENDS IN SCHOOL COSTS 47

RISING SCHOOL COSTS EXPLAINED 50

THE CAPITAL COST 55

THE VARIATION OF COSTS BORNE BY THE PROVINCES AND SPECIAL MUNICIPALITIES 56

Ⅳ．THE PRESENT EDUCATIONAL COST FURTHER ANA-LYZED 60

ANALYSIS OF COSTS BY CHARACTER 60

THE COST OF TEACHERS'SALARIES 62

THE PER PUPIL COSTS OF EDUCATION IN CHINA 66

THE COST OF EDUCATION PER CAPITA OF POPULA-TION 73

Ⅴ．THE COST OF EDUCATION AND OTHER GOVERNMENT COSTS COMPARED 78

THE COST OF EDUCATION AND THE GOVERNMENT BUDGET 78

CHINA COMPARED WITH OTHER COUNTRIES IN THE PROPORTION OF GOVERNMENTAL EXPENDITURE DEVOTED TO EDUCATION 85

THE COST OF EDUCATION AND MILITARY EXPENDI-TURES COMPARED 91

Ⅵ．HOW THE PRESENT EDUCATIONAL PRO-GRAM IS SUPPORTED 94

FISCAL CONTROL 94

Ⅶ．HOW THE PRESENT EDUCATIONAL PRO-GRAM IS SUPPORTED（Continued） 104

THE SOURCES OF EDUCATIONAL REVENUE 104

THE NONTAX SOURCES OF EDUCATIONAL REVE-NUE IN CHINA AS A WHOLE 112

TAX SOURCES OF EDUCATIONAL REVENUE OF THE CENTRAL AND PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS 117

TAX AND NONTAX REVENUE 122

A CASE STUDY OF THE COUNTY SOURCES OF EDUCA-TIONAL REVENUE IN HUPEH PROVINCE 128

Ⅷ．THE FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE NEW EDUCATIONAL POLICY 137

FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE EMPHASIS ON PRODUCTIVE EDUCATION 152

Ⅸ．THE ABILITY OF CHINA TO SUPPORT EDU-CATION 155

THE ECONOMIC FOUNDATIONS 155

CHINA'S PRESENT ECONOMIC CRISIS 156

SOURCES OF THE WEALTH OF CHINA 163

ESTIMATES OF CHINA'S NATIONAL WEALTH AND INCOME 169

CHINA COMPARED WITH OTHER COUNTRIES IN PER CAPITA WEALTH AND INCOME 170

THE ABILITY OF CHINA TO SUPPORT EDUCATION,CONSIDERED IN RELATION TO ESTIMATES OF HER NATIONAL WEALTH AND INCOME 173

Ⅹ．THE ABILITY OF CHINA TO SUPPORT EDU-CATION 177

THE FINANCIAL FOUNDATIONS 177

THE FINANCIAL ABILITY OF THE CENTRAL GOVERN-MENT 179

CHINA'S FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC INDEBTEDNESS 181

THE FINANCIAL ABILITY OF THE LOCAL GOVERN-MENTS 185

WHAT THE GOVERNMENT HAS DONE IN THE RECON-STRUCTION OF THE REVENUE SYSTEM OF CHINA 188

THE EFFECTS UPON EDUCATIONAL SUPPORT AND WHAT EDUCATION CAN EXPECT 197

NEEDED READJUSTMENT AND EDUCATION'S EX-PECTATION 200

APPENDIX—A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF SCHOOL SUPPORT IN HUPEH PROVINCE AND ITS PROBLEMS OF RECONSTRUCTION 225

THE POSITION OF HUPEH PROVINCE 225

THE RANK OF HUPEH IN EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNI-TIES AMONG THE PROVINCES AND SPECIAL MUNICIPALITIES 229

THE COST OF THE PRESENT PROGRAMAND TRENDS IN TOTAL AND PER PUPIL EXPENDITURE 232

TRENDS IN THE EXPENDITURES OR COSTS OF PRO-VINCIAL AND COUNTY EDUCATION 234

THE SUPPORT FOR THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM OF HUPEH 237

THE ABILITY OF HUPEH TO SUPPORT EDUCATION 250

MAJOR PRACTICAL PROBLEMS IN THE RECONSTRUC-TION OF THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC SCHOOL SUPPORT IN HUPEH 256

BIBLIOGRAPHY 263