图书介绍
VICTIMOLOGY SIXTH EDITIONpdf电子书版本下载
- WILLIAM G.DOERNER STEVEN P.LAB 著
- 出版社： ELSEVIER
- ISBN：1437734863
- 出版时间：2012
- 标注页数：470页
- 文件大小：29MB
- 文件页数：487页
- 主题词：
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图书目录
1. The Scope of Victimology 1
Learning Objectives 1
Introduction 1
The Victim Throughout History 1
The Reemergence of the Victim 3
The Work of Hans von Hentig: The Criminal and His Victim 4
The Work of Benjamin Mendelsohn: Further Reflections 5
The Work of Stephen Schafer: The Victim and His Criminal 6
Other Scholarly Efforts 7
Empirical Studies of Victim Precipitation 7
The Work of Marvin E. Wolfgang: Patterns in Criminal Homicide 7
The Work of Menachem Amir: Patterns in Forcible Rape 8
Criticisms and Reactions 9
A New Approach: General Victimology 11
Critical Victimology 12
The Victim Movement 14
The Women's Movement 14
Children's Rights 14
The Growing Crime Problem 15
Victim Compensation 15
Legal Reforms 16
Other Factors 16
Summary and Overview of This Book 18
Key Terms for Chapter 1 19
2. Measuring Criminal Victimization 21
Learning Objectives 21
Introduction 22
Official Police Reports 22
Victimization Surveys 25
First-Generation Victim Surveys 26
The NORC Survey 26
Some Methodological Considerations 27
Second-Generation Victim Surveys 28
Recall Problems 28
Respondent Concerns 30
Third-Generation Victim Surveys 30
The National Crime Survey 30
The Business Victimization Survey 31
City Surveys 32
Fourth-Generation Victim Surveys 32
Crime Surveys Outside the United States 35
Comparing the NCVS and the UCR 36
Repeat Victimization 37
Summary 42
Key Terms for Chapter 2 42
3.Property Victimization 43
Learning Objectives 43
Introduction 43
Types of Property Victimization 44
Burglary 44
Larceny/Theft 45
Motor Vehicle Theft 46
Arson 47
Trends in Property Crime 48
The Consequences of Index Property Crime 49
Other Economic Crimes 50
Traditional Fraud 51
Identity Theft 52
Mass-Marketing Fraud 55
Cybercrime Against Businesses 58
Summary of Property Crime Types 59
Further Costs of Property Victimization 59
Summary 60
Key Terms for Chapter 3 61
4 Personal Victimization 63
Learning Objectives 63
Introduction 64
Personal Crimes 64
Homicide Victimization 64
Assault Victimization 70
Robbery Victimization 71
The Impact of Personal Crime 74
Theories of Personal Victimization 76
Social Interactionism 76
The Routine Activities/Lifestyle Model 78
Strain Theory 79
Learning Theory 79
The "Regional Culture of Violence" Thesis 82
Cultural Challenges 83
Regional Challenges 84
Medical Resources as an Emerging Theoretical Dimension 84
The Impact of Medical Resources 85
Empirical Evidence 86
Some Remaining Issues 87
Assisting the Victim 88
Death Notification 89
The Bereavement Process 91
Summary 93
Key Terms for Chapter 4 93
5. The Costs of Being a Victim 95
Learning Objectives 95
Introduction 95
The Consequences of Victimization 96
The First Insult: Criminal Victimization 96
The Second Insult: System Participation 100
Prosecutorial-Based Victim-Witness Projects 103
Project Development 105
Project Performance 106
Project Evaluation 107
Beyond the Prosecutor's Office 109
Dissenting Voices 114
Summary 115
Key Terms for Chapter 5 115
6.Remedying the Plight of Victims 117
Learning Objectives 117
Introduction 117
Offender Restitution 118
The Rationale for Restitution 119
Types of Restitution 120
Evaluating the Impact of Restitution 121
Problems and Concerns with Restitution 122
Civil Litigation 124
Private Insurance 127
Victim Compensation 128
Philosophical Bases 130
Compensable Acts 130
Eligibility Restrictions 131
Awards 132
Funding 133
Reporting Crime and Applying for Compensation 133
Does Victim Compensation Work? 133
Macro-Level Effects 134
Micro-Level Effects 135
Problems and Concerns with Compensation 135
Summary 136
Key Terms for Chapter 6 137
7.Restorative Justice 139
Learning Objectives 139
Introduction 139
Dispute Resolution 140
Common Elements in Dispute Resolution Programs 141
Evaluation of Dispute Resolution 142
Restorative Justice 143
The Development of Restorative Justice 145
Theoretical Basis of Restorative Practices 146
Types of Restorative Justice 147
Victim-Offender Mediation 149
Family Group Conferencing 150
Circle Sentencing 151
Summary of Restorative Justice Types 153
The Impact of Restorative Justice 153
Satisfaction and Compliance 155
Recidivism 156
Problems and Issues with Restorative Justice 157
Summary 160
Key Terms for Chapter 7 161
8. Sexual Battery 163
Learning Objectives 163
Introduction 164
Defining Sexual Battery 164
Spousal Rape 166
Date or Acquaintance Rape 167
Punishing Sexual Battery 168
Coker v. Georgia (1977) 168
Kennedy v. Louisiana (2008) 168
Measuring the Extent of Rape 169
UCR Information 170
NCVS Information 170
Comparing the UCR with the NCVS Over Time 171
More Recent Efforts 173
The National College Women Sexual Victimization Study 173
The National Violence Against Women Survey 174
Sexual Victimization at the National Military Academies 175
A Word of Caution 176
Theories of Sexual Battery 177
Intraindividual Theories 177
Sociocultural Explanations 178
Typological Efforts 180
Summary of Sexual Assault Causation 181
The Aftermath of Rape 181
Crisis Reaction 182
The Crisis Reaction Repair Cycle 183
Impact 183
Recoil 184
Reorganization 184
Legal Reforms 185
Compulsory AIDS Testing 186
Consent and Corroboration 187
Shield Provisions 191
Sex Offender Registration 192
The Impact of Legal Reform 195
Macro-Level Effects 196
Micro-Level Effects 197
Summary of Legal Reform 197
Responding to Sexual Assault Victims 198
The Police 198
The Hospital 199
Medical Examination 200
Forensic Examination 201
The Prosecutor 202
Summary 203
Key Terms for Chapter 8 204
9.Intimate Partner Violence 205
Learning Objectives 205
Introduction 206
A Brief History of Intimate Partner Violence 207
The Extent of Intimate Partner Violence 209
Theories of Intimate Partner Violence 213
Intraindividual Theories 214
Sociocultural Explanations (Patriarchy) 215
The Social Learning Approach: Learned Helplessness 216
The Cycle of Violence 217
Police Intervention 218
The Arrest Option 218
Nonarrest Options 221
The Minneapolis Experiment 221
Reaction to the Minneapolis Experiment 223
Agency Directives 223
Legislative Reform 226
Academic Concerns 227
The Minneapolis Experiment Replications 228
Prosecutorial and Judicial Action 229
Crawford v. Washington (2004) 234
Davis v. Washington (2006) 235
Giles v. California (2008) 236
Summary of Judicial Action 236
Coordinating System Approaches 237
More Recent Responses 239
Stalking Laws 239
The Lautenberg Amendment 242
Court-Ordered Mandatory Counseling 243
Executive Clemency 245
National Telephone Hotline 247
Fatality Review Systems 248
Summary 249
Key Terms for Chapter 9 250
10. Child Maltreatment 251
Learning Objectives 251
Introduction 252
The Discovery of Child Maltreatment 253
Understanding the Discovery of Child Maltreatment 255
A Survey of Child Maltreatment Laws 256
Statutory Definitions 256
The Reporter 257
The Report 259
The Central Register 263
Some Trouble Spots 263
The Child Welfare System 264
The Incidence of Child Maltreatment 265
A Word of Caution Regarding Official Maltreatment Statistics 269
Theories of Child Maltreatment 270
Intraindividual Theories 270
Sociocultural Explanations 271
The Social Learning Approach 272
Some Coping Strategies 274
Home Visitation 274
Education 276
Safe Haven Laws 277
Parents Anonymous 278
Counseling 279
Children's Advocacy Centers 280
Sex Offender Registration and Notification 281
Megan's Law 281
The Adam Walsh Act 282
Other Considerations 283
Civil Commitment 284
Amber Alert 286
Legal Reform 287
Summary 290
Key Terms for Chapter 10 291
11. Crime and the Elderly 293
Learning Objectives 293
Introduction 294
The Rise of Interest in the Elderly 294
Demographic Change 294
Political Action 297
Social Consciousness 298
Defining the Elderly 298
Criminal Victimization of the Elderly 299
Fear of Crime 300
Explaining the Fear-Crime Paradox 303
Measuring Fear 303
Risk 304
Vulnerability 306
Vicarious Victimization 307
Elder Abuse and Neglect 307
Defining the Problem 308
The Incidence of Elder Maltreatment 310
Some Characteristics of Victims and Offenders 312
Institutional Maltreatment 314
Extent of Institutional Maltreatment 315
Causes of Institutional Maltreatment 316
Responding to Institutional Maltreatment 318
Theories of Elder Maltreatment 318
Intraindividual Theories 319
Situational Aspects 319
Symbolic Interactionism 320
Social Exchange 321
Social Attitudes 321
Responding to Elder Maltreatment 322
Mandatory Reporting 322
Social Service Provision 324
Research 325
Summary 326
Key Terms for Chapter 11 328
12. Victimization at Work and School 329
Learning Objectives 329
Introduction 329
Victimization at Work 330
Defining Workplace Victimization 330
The Extent of Workplace Victimization 331
Workplace Bullying 336
Explanations and Causes of Workplace Victimization 337
Intervention and Prevention 339
Responses to Workplace Victimization 340
Victimization at School 343
Victimization in Junior and Senior High Schools 343
The Extent of School Victimization 344
Responses to School Victimization 346
Explanations and Causes of School Victimization 348
Addressing School Victimization 349
College Campus Victimization 351
The Extent of College Student Victimization 352
Explanations and Causes of College Campus Victimization 353
Addressing Campus Crime 355
Sexual Harassment 355
The Extent of Sexual Harassment 357
Responses to Sexual Harassment 358
Summary 360
Key Terms for Chapter 12 361
13. Victim Rights 363
Learning Objectives 363
Introduction 363
Victim Rights Amendment 364
Federal Constitutional Reform 364
State Constitutional Reform 367
Rekindling Federal Constitutional Reform 369
Victim Rights Legislation 373
Federal Legislative Reform 374
State Legislative Reform 377
Victim Impact Statements 379
The Effect of Victim Impact Statements 382
Federal Supreme Court Rulings 383
Booth v. Maryland (1987) 384
South Carolina v. Gathers (1989) 385
Payne v. Tennessee (1991) 387
Kelly v. California (2008) 387
The Post-Payne Era 388
Professionalizing Victim Advocacy 389
Some Closing Thoughts 393
Summary 394
Key Terms for Chapter 13 395
References 397
Author Index 445
Subject Index 459
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