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第一部分（语言翻译技巧） 1

PART ONE GENERAL THEORY 1

CHAPTER 1

Ⅰ．INTRODUCTION 1

1．Significance and Function 4

2．Requirements of Adequate Translaticn 4

Ⅱ．COMPARISON BETWEEN CHINESE AND ENGLISH 4

1．Fun damental Difference 6

2．Different Language Families 6

3．Different Linguistic Types 6

4．Difference in Morphology 6

5．Difference in Syntax 6

Ⅲ．VARIOUS TYPES OF TRANSLATION 6

1．Social Science 8

2．Nat ural Science and Technology 8

3．Literature and Art 8

4．Practical Language 8

Ⅳ．REQUIREMENTS OF A QUALIFIED TRANSLATOR 8

1．High Political Consciousness 12

2．Earnest Study of Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought3．Good Command of both Chinese and English4．Extensive Knowledge and Rich Experience5．Cautiousness and MeticulousnessPART TWO BASIC PRINCIPLES AND METHODSⅤ．TRANSPOSITION 12

1．Inversion of Adverbials 14

2．Necessary Transposition 14

3．Optional Transposition 14

4．Restoration of Inverted Order 14

5．Transposition of Parenthesis 14

6．Inversion of Attributives 14

Ⅵ．DIVISION OF LONG SENTENCES 14

1．English Sentence Structure 16

2．Chinese Sentence Structure 16

3．Cause of Disparity 16

4．Minor Cause 16

5．Proper Way of Tackling 16

6．Aim 16

Ⅶ．CONVERSION 16

1．Definition 18

2．Reason 18

3．Conversion of Nouns 18

4．Conversion into Verbs 18

5．Converoisn into Nouns 18

6．Conversion of Adverbials 18

Ⅷ．AMPLIFICATION 18

1．Reason 19

2．Purpose 19

3．Caution 19

4．Insertion of Nouns,Verbs,and Connectives 19

5．Supplying Various Kinds of Words 19

6．Synthetic Examples 19

Ⅸ．CONTRACTION 19

1．Reason 21

2．Dropping Articles 21

3．Dropping Exple tives 21

4．Omitting Pronouns 21

5．Leaving out Prepositions 21

6．Leaving out Connectives 21

7．Contraction for Smooth and Concise ExpressionⅩ．NEGATION 21

1．Difference and True Sense 22

2．Negation in Questions and Answers 22

3．Double Negatives 22

4．Partial Negation 22

5．Complex Sentences with Negative Elements 22

Ⅺ．REPETITION 22

1．A Rhetorical Device 23

2．Duplication of Characters,words,collocations 23

3．Repetition of"One","Each","Every" 23

4．Expression of Feeling 23

5．In Correlative Clauses 23

6．In Elliptical Conditional Clauses 23

Ⅻ．IDIOMS AND STOCK PHRASES 23

1．（A）Crystallization of Language 25

（B）Chinese idioms and set phrases 25

（C）Adequate use 25

（D）Similarity and dissimilarity 25

（E）Pay special attention to up-to-date idioms 25

2．（A）Rendering Words into Set phrases 25

（B）Rendering Idioms into Approximate Equivalents（C）A Glossary of selected idioms,proverbs,etc.ⅩⅢ．CORRESPONDING STYIE 25

1．Dialectical Integration of Content and Style 28

2．Different Styles of Different Types of Works 28

3．Distinct Sytles of Outstanding Authors 28

4．Translator's Job 28

5．On the Stylistic Features of the Biography of Du PontPART THREE CONCLUSION AND ADVICEⅠ．CONSULTING DICTIONARIES AND REFERENCE MATERIALS 28

1．Indispensability 29

2．Various Kinds 29

3．Characteristics 29

4．The Required Meaning 29

5．Definitions under Entries 29

Ⅱ．GOING OVER THE ORIGINAL TEXT FIRST 29

Ⅲ．REPEATED REVISIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS 29

Ⅳ．SERIOUS MISTAKES 30

1．Incorrect Translation 30

2．Missing Words or Phrases 30

Ⅴ．PUNCTUATION MARKS AND HANDWRITING 30

Ⅵ．CONCLUDING REMARKS 30

1．Political Significance 32

2．Preparation for Future Work 32

3．Mutual Help and Concerted Efforts 32

4．Group Discussion and Critical Analysis 32

AN ATTACHED COPY OF QUOTATIONS AND EXAMPIES 32

1．Quotations and Examples Corresponding to Relative Chapters and Sections2．A Glossary of Selected Idioms,Proverbs,Slangs,Current Usage and Americanisms第二部分（电子专业翻译） 32

1．科技文章翻译的一般介绍 176

2．英语与汉语的对比 177

3．词义选择 178

4．词义引伸 182

5．词性转化 184

6．省略 187

7．补充 191

8．重复 195

9．否定 197

10．数词 201

11．被动语态 211

12．长句处理 213