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Chapter 1 The Framework and Methodology of Comparative Study of Travel Services Management 1

Section Ⅰ The Rationale to the Comparative Study and Comparative Management 1

Section Ⅱ The Theoretic System and Research Methodology of Comparative Economics 11

Section Ⅲ The Research System of Comparative Studies on Travel Services 18

Summary 30

Further Readings 31

Chapter 2 A Comparative Study of Fundamental Theories and Concepts of Travel Services 32

Section Ⅰ A Camparison of Concepts of Travel Services 32

Section Ⅱ A Comparison of the Social Roles and Impacts of Travel Services 45

Section Ⅲ A Comparison of Development Concepts of Travel Services 56

Summary 60

Further Readings 62

Chapter 3 A Comparative Study of Historical Development and Evolution Modes of Travel Services 64

Section Ⅰ International Historical Development and Evolution Modes of Travel Services 64

Section Ⅱ Development and Evolvement Patterns of the Chinese Travel Service Industry 78

Summary 101

Further Readings 103

Chapter 4 A Comparison of the Market Environments of Travel Services 104

Section Ⅰ A Comparison of Tourism Development Patterns 104

Section Ⅱ A Comparison of the Organizational Structure and Economic Efficiency of Travel Services 123

Section Ⅲ A Comparison of Tourist Consumption Patterns 137

Summary 152

Further Readings 154

Chapter 5 A Comparison of the Institutional Environments of Travel Services 156

Section Ⅰ A Comparison of Government Regulation Systems in Travel Services 156

Section Ⅱ A Comparison of Governmental Administrative Systems in Travel Services 166

Section Ⅲ A Comparison of Travel Service Industrial Organization and Their Operation Mechanism 186

Summary 193

Further Readings 195

Chapter 6 A Comparison of Travel Service Distribution Systems and Operation Approaches 197

Section Ⅰ A Comparison of Distribution Systems of Travel Services 197

Section Ⅱ A Comparison of Travel Service Establishment Forms and Technological Conditions 211

Section Ⅲ A Comparison of Travel Service Operation Patterns 235

Section Ⅳ The Evolution and Impacts of Travel Services 242

Summary 246

Further Readings 248

Chapter 7 A Comparison of Travel Service Organization Management and Development Patterns 250

Section Ⅰ General Theories on the Organization Management of Travel Services 250

Section Ⅱ A Comparison of Travel Service Organization Charts 261

Section Ⅲ A Comparison of Typical Development Models of Travel Services 272

Summary 290

Further Readings 291

Chapter 8 A Comparison of Marketing Managements of Travel Services 292

Section Ⅰ A Comparison of Travel Services'Brands and Distribution Channels 292

Section Ⅱ A Comparison of Travel Distribution Systems 306

Section Ⅲ Marketing and Pricing Strategies of Travel Services 317

Section Ⅳ A Comparison of Product and Pricing Strategies of Travel Services 320

Summary 333

Further Readings 336

Chapter 9 A Comparison of Travel Service Reception Managements 337

Section Ⅰ The Reception Operation Process of Travel Services 337

Section Ⅱ A Comparison of Travel Services'Reception Managements 344

Section Ⅲ A Comparison of Standardization of Operational Procedures of Travel Services 360

Summary 370

Further Readings 371

Chapter 10 A Comparison of Crisis Managements of Travel Services 373

Section Ⅰ An Overview of Crisis Management of Travel Services 373

Section Ⅱ A General Analysis of Crisis Influence Mechanism—with the SARS as Example 378

Section Ⅲ Establishing a Crisis Management System with Chinese Characteristics for Travel Services 385

Section Ⅳ International Organizations in the Industrial Crisis Management System and Their Influences 399

Summary 404

Further Readings 404

Chapter 11 A Comparison of Development Trends of Travel Services Industry 406

Section Ⅰ The Development Trend of Euro-American Travel Services Industry 406

Section Ⅱ The Main Factors That Influence Chinese Travel Services Industry 411

Section Ⅲ The Development Trends of Chinese Travel Services Industry 427

Summary 441

Further Readings 442